Category: Wine

Champagne is a celebratory drink used to toast newlyweds or commemorate milestones. It can be an aperitif, it can be served during a meal, or it can be served with dessert. Vintage Champagne, the product of a single harvest, is preferred as it is bottled only in years when conditions in the vineyard have been favorable; non-vintage Champagne is released at regular intervals. Champagne cocktails like Bellini (with fresh peach puree and juice), Black Velvet (with stout), Mimosa (with orange juice), and Poinsettia (with cranberry juice) are quite popular at chic bars as they are more genteel than Martinis.

Champagne originates from vineyards in the French region of Champagne. Hence, if you see a bottle with “Champagne” on the label, it is an assurance that this wine has been produced in the northern French region. Sparkling wine made anywhere else in the world, even if the traditional “methode champenois” is used, is just sparkling wine. Therefore, Champagne is always spelled with a capital C. The “champenois” (producers) are protective of the name “Champagne” and take legal action against anyone who uses it improperly.

There are three grapes (Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier and Chardonnay) used to make Champagne although manufacturers often legally include small quantities of other grape varieties. The first two are black grapes, while the latter is white. The label specifies the contents: “Blancs de Blancs” is Champagne produced from white grapes and is a very delicate wine. “Blanc de Noirs” is Champagne produced from black grapes; it is concentrated, with a strong fruit flavor and bouquet. If neither description appears on the label, chances are that the wine is a blend of the three grapes.

A large part of its appeal is due to the bubbles that spill forth when a bottle of Champagne is uncorked. These bubbles are caused by tiny drops of liquid disturbed by the escaping carbon dioxide or carbonic acid gas that is a natural spin-off of the double fermentation procedure exclusive to Champagne. Cheers!

Riddling racks are central to the process of manufacturing Champagne. After the sparkling wine has aged on the lees, it is ready for the concluding stages. Riddling, or remuage, is the process designed to collect the sediment in a bottle and deposit it near the mouth of the bottle.

The bottles are inclined at a 45-degree angle on a riddling rack, comprising two simple rectangular boards hinged at the top. Each side is bored with six bottleneck-size holes, along ten rows. Thus each riddling rack can hold 120 bottles although there are special models for large containers. The riddler places the neck of a bottle of Champagne into each of the holes. A painted line on the bottom of each bottle acts as a marker, with all markers pointing in the same direction.

Daily, over the next few weeks, the riddler twists every bottle a few degrees. Simultaneously, he raises the bottle bottom indiscernibly, lowering the neck only a centimeter or two each week. In the beginning, all the bottles seem to be almost horizontal. After a few weeks, however, the bottles are slanted to a 60-degree angle and are neck-down in their holes.

After the wine has been riddled, the bottles are placed in a freezing solution for several minutes. Once an ice plug has formed in the necks, they are placed vertically on the conveyor line, and continue to the disgorging machine, which removes the crown caps from the bottles. As a result, the pressure within the bottles shoots out (disgorges) the ice plug (with the frozen sediment trapped in it).